The 21-year-old athlete passed 5.30 and 5.60 meters on his first try as he cleared 5.70 meters on his second try, but Sasma failed in three attempts at 5.80 meters in the final.
Swedish Armand Duplantis came first with a clearance of 6.05 meters to break the championship record, while Valentin Lavillenie of France finished second and Polish Piotr Lisek took third place as both athletes cleared 5.80 meters.
Turkey left the tournament, held from March 4 to 7, without a medal.