WASHINGTON (AFP) - The US tobacco industry fired its first shots in a bid to undermine a government claim for 280 billion dollars to punish firms it accuses of plotting to cover up the harm of smoking.
On the second day of the tobacco trial in Washington, lawyers for the major industry firms said the companies no longer seek to hide the fact that cigarettes are "a dangerous product," but they stressed that the industry must be judged on its behavior now.
Ted Wells, co-counsel for Philip Morris USA, led the defense argument by saying: "As of today, each and every defendant says to the public in a clear and unambiguous way that smoking is dangerous and causes disease.
"There is no such thing as a safe cigarette, be it labeled 'low tar' or 'lights.' We sell a dangerous product."
In the largest-ever US civil racketeering case, the government accuses tobacco companies of colluding for five decades to hide the health hazards of smoking, marketing directly to teenagers and lying by suggesting the relative safety of "light" cigarettes.
Defendants include Philip Morris USA; RJ Reynolds Tobacco; Loews Corp's Lorillard Tobacco; Brown and Williamson, which is part of British American Tobacco PLC; and the Vector Group's Liggett Group.
All are being sued under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) act, which aimed to prevent Mafia infiltration of business.
The tobacco industry reached a 206-billion-dollar accord with several US states in 1998. And Wells said the industry has changed so much since then that it was "inappropriate to use the past" to make a judgment on its behavior now or in the future.
"There has been such a profound change in the way tobacco companies communicate with the public about the risks of smoking that there is no likelihood of future RICO violations," Wells told the court.
Wells said it was no longer true that tobacco companies are hiding facts from the public now. He said most of the government allegations "are basically dated and stale".
"It is good that the defendants admit that smoking is dangerous and that the defendants admit that nicotine is addictive," said Wells.
The counsel said the companies would produce evidence to show there was no "fraudulent activity with respect to youth marketing." He did not concede there was a past plot.
Wells said some of the tobacco companies' conduct "was wrong-headed, it was mistaken," but he insisted there was no "RICO conspiracy."
David Bernick, another defense attorney, denied the tobacco industry manipulated nicotine to hook people onto cigarettes.
"History shows that what we do today is not deceptive to anybody, nor is it deceiving anybody," he told the hearing.
The industry created light and low tar cigarettes at the urging of the health authorities, he said, and it was not clear even when the products were launched how dangerous they would be.
William Newbold, representing Lorillard, said that in the 1970s the public health authorities had urged smokers to switch to low tar cigarettes.
"In the 1970s everyone in the public health community believed that low tar, low nicotine cigarettes were less hazardous. The Federal Trade Commission wanted the tobacco companies to compete on the basis of tar," said Newbold.
"We had no intent to defraud smokers, we were simply following the lead of the government and what the public health community was endorsing." He denied industry manipulated nicotine to hook smokers.